Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by hormonal imbalances that can lead to various health issues, including weight gain and anxiety. A recent study highlights the potential benefits of a personalized Mediterranean diet in managing these symptoms effectively in young girls diagnosed with PCOS.
The Study Overview
Conducted at a hospital in Athens, Greece, this randomized controlled trial involved 40 girls aged between 15 and 17 years who were diagnosed with PCOS. The study compared the effects of a personalized Mediterranean diet (MD) intervention against general dietary advice based on the Greek National Dietary Guidelines.
Methodology
Participants in the MD group received tailored meal plans calculated using Clinical Decision Support Software (CDSS), which helped in creating a nutritionally balanced 15-day rotation of daily meals. This group actively used the CDSS to monitor their weight and dietary intake. In contrast, the control group received standard dietary advice without the aid of CDSS but had regular interactions with dietitians.
The effectiveness of the diet was measured using the KIDMED score, which assesses adherence to the Mediterranean diet, ranging from -4 to 12, with scores of 8 or higher indicating high adherence.
Key Findings
- Increased MD Adherence: By the end of the study, the MD group showed a slight increase in MD adherence compared to the control group (7 vs. 6 points on the KIDMED scale).
- Reduction in Anxiety Symptoms: There was a clinically significant reduction in anxiety symptoms among the MD group compared to the control group, highlighting the diet's potential mental health benefits.
- Weight Loss: Participants in the MD group experienced a more substantial weight loss (-5.3 kg or -11.7 lb) compared to the control group (-1.6 kg or -3.5 lb).
Implications of the Findings
The study’s findings suggest that a personalized Mediterranean diet could be a powerful intervention for managing PCOS symptoms in young girls. The diet's high content of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and healthy fats, coupled with personalized adjustments, may help balance hormones and improve overall health outcomes.
Why the Mediterranean Diet?
The Mediterranean diet is renowned for its anti-inflammatory properties and potential to improve heart health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Its benefits in the context of PCOS can be attributed to its capacity to stabilize insulin levels and possibly improve hormone regulation, thereby reducing symptoms like weight gain and anxiety.
Practical Application
For young girls with PCOS, adopting a personalized Mediterranean diet could offer a non-invasive way to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. The key to success lies in personalization — understanding individual nutritional needs and preferences is crucial.
Conclusion
This study sheds light on the personalized Mediterranean diet as a promising approach to managing PCOS symptoms in adolescents. It highlights the importance of dietary intervention in early life stages to prevent the progression of symptoms and promote long-term health and wellness in individuals with PCOS. As always, it's advisable for individuals to consult with healthcare providers to tailor dietary strategies to their specific health needs.
References
- Foscolou A, Papandreou P, Gioxari A, Skouroliakou M. Optimizing Dietary Habits in Adolescents with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Personalized Mediterranean Diet Intervention via Clinical Decision Support System-A Randomized Controlled Trial. Children (Basel). 2024 May 24;11(6):635. doi: 10.3390/children11060635. PMID: 38929215; PMCID: PMC11201884.
- Barrea L, Arnone A, Annunziata G, Muscogiuri G, Laudisio D, Salzano C, Pugliese G, Colao A, Savastano S. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Dietary Patterns and Body Composition in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). Nutrients. 2019 Sep 23;11(10):2278. doi: 10.3390/nu11102278. PMID: 31547562; PMCID: PMC6836220.
- Papandreou P, Gioxari A, Daskalou E, Grammatikopoulou MG, Skouroliakou M, Bogdanos DP. Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity Nudges versus Usual Care in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results from the MADEIRA Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2023 Jan 28;15(3):676. doi: 10.3390/nu15030676. PMID: 36771382; PMCID: PMC9919932.
- Kazemi M, Kim JY, Wan C, Xiong JD, Michalak J, Xavier IB, Ganga K, Tay CT, Grieger JA, Parry SA, Moran LJ, Lujan ME. Comparison of dietary and physical activity behaviors in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 39 471 women. Hum Reprod Update. 2022 Nov 2;28(6):910-955. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmac023. Erratum in: Hum Reprod Update. 2023 Jan 5;29(1):155. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmac036. PMID: 35639552; PMCID: PMC9629501.
- Calcaterra V, Magenes VC, Massini G, De Sanctis L, Fabiano V, Zuccotti G. High Fat Diet and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in Adolescence: An Overview of Nutritional Strategies. Nutrients. 2024 Mar 24;16(7):938. doi: 10.3390/nu16070938. PMID: 38612972; PMCID: PMC11013055.
- Kamińska W, Wiśniewska K, Okręglicka K, Pazura I, Nitsch-Osuch A. Lifestyle intervention towards Mediterranean Diet, physical activity adherence and anthropometric parameters in normal weight women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome or Hashimoto's Thyroiditis - preliminary study. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2023 Mar 31;30(1):111-117. doi: 10.26444/aaem/159156. Epub 2023 Feb 15. PMID: 36999863.
- Papandreou P, Amerikanou C, Vezou C, Gioxari A, Kaliora AC, Skouroliakou M. Improving Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Early Pregnancy Using a Clinical Decision Support System; A Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients. 2023 Jan 14;15(2):432. doi: 10.3390/nu15020432. PMID: 36678303; PMCID: PMC9866975.
- Wong JM, Gallagher M, Gooding H, Feldman HA, Gordon CM, Ludwig DS, Ebbeling CB. A randomized pilot study of dietary treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents. Pediatr Obes. 2016 Jun;11(3):210-20. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12047. Epub 2015 Jul 1. PMID: 26132306; PMCID: PMC4698106.
